PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.